{"id":334,"date":"2022-05-20T10:33:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T10:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/?p=334"},"modified":"2025-08-15T18:46:11","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T18:46:11","slug":"ogrenilmis-caresizlik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/2022\/05\/20\/ogrenilmis-caresizlik\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik…"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u201cNe yaparsak yapal\u0131m sonu\u00e7ta hi\u00e7bir \u015fey fark etmiyor.\u201d<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYapamayaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHangi i\u015fim(iz) d\u00fczg\u00fcn gitti ki bu gitsin!\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde \u00f6zetleyebilece\u011fimiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n her zaman ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f\u2026<\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Arada s\u0131rada \u201cmemleket kara sular\u0131\u201d<\/strong>ndan biraz uzakla\u015f\u0131p \u201ckafa dinlemeli\u201d <\/strong>insan\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYelken\u201d<\/strong>leri bamba\u015fka ufuklara do\u011fru \u015fi\u015firmeli\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMavinin dinginli\u011fi\u201d<\/strong>ni \u00e7ekmeli i\u00e7ine\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Var m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, bug\u00fcn \u00f6yle yapal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haydi o zaman\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Demir alma vaktidir\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vira Bismillah\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fillerin nas\u0131l e\u011fitildi\u011fini merak ettiniz mi hi\u00e7?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Filler, o kocaman c\u00fcsseleriyle nas\u0131l kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulabiliyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok basit bir y\u00f6ntemi varm\u0131\u015f me\u011fer\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

E\u011fitilecek olan fil daha yavruyken kal\u0131n bir zincirle baca\u011f\u0131ndan bir kaz\u0131\u011fa ba\u011flan\u0131yor ve ka\u00e7mas\u0131 engelleniyormu\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yavru fil defalarca ka\u00e7may\u0131 deniyor\u2026 Fakat zinciri koparmaya da, yere \u00e7ak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6kmeye de g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmiyormu\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131llar ge\u00e7iyor, yavru fil zincire ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bekleye bekleye b\u00fcy\u00fcyormu\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fil, g\u00fcn gelip zinciri koparabilece\u011fi, kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6kebilece\u011fi g\u00fcce eri\u015fti\u011fi halde ka\u00e7may\u0131 denemiyormu\u015f bile\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ncecik bir halatla ba\u011fl\u0131 olsa da al\u0131p ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 gitmiyormu\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k kurtulamayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yormu\u015f!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O alan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201c\u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f\u201d<\/strong> oluyormu\u015f b\u00f6ylece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e2lbuki k\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fey ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu zincir de\u011fil, i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fen \u00e7aresizlik duygusuymu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benzer bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n pirelerde de oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pireler, bulunduklar\u0131 noktadan tek hamlede 60 cm. y\u00fcksekli\u011fe s\u0131\u00e7rayabiliyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte bu \u00f6zelliklerine dayanan bir deney yap\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7lar ilgin\u00e7\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pire, \u00fczerinde saydam bir kapak bulunan 30 cm. derinli\u011findeki bir kavanoza konuyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kavanoz alttan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aya\u011f\u0131 yanan pire, s\u0131\u00e7rayarak kurtulmak istiyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ama her seferinde \u00fcstteki kapa\u011fa \u00e7arparak yere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nihayet s\u0131\u00e7ramaktan vazge\u00e7iyor ve kaderine raz\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonra kavanozun cam kapa\u011f\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tecr\u00fcbeli pirenin yan\u0131na yeni bir pire daha konuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kavanoz yine alttan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aya\u011f\u0131 yanan yeni pire s\u0131\u00e7rayarak kurtuluyor\u2026 Ama tecr\u00fcbeli pire s\u0131\u00e7ramaya te\u015febb\u00fcs dahi etmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n yanmas\u0131n\u0131n onun kaderi oldu\u011funu san\u0131yor!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir \u00f6rnek de deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131ndan gelsin\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barak\u00fcda bal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir deneyden\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onda da sonu\u00e7 ayn\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir barak\u00fcda bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uskumrular kocaman bir fanusun i\u00e7ine konuyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aralar\u0131na da kal\u0131n bir cam yerle\u015ftiriliyor\u2026 Ki, barak\u00fcda, uskumrular\u0131 yiyemesin\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uzun bir s\u00fcre a\u00e7 b\u0131rak\u0131lan barak\u00fcdan\u0131n uskumrulara sald\u0131rmas\u0131 bekleniyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beklendi\u011fi gibi de oluyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barak\u00fcda sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7iyor ancak defalarca cama \u00e7arp\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7arp\u0131yor, \u00e7arp\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne cam\u0131 k\u0131rabiliyor ne de aradaki cam\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barak\u00fcda bir s\u00fcre sonra kendi etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nerek y\u00fczmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir yere gitmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lerleyen zamanlarda cam aradan al\u0131n\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O da ne?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barak\u00fcda uskumrulara yakla\u015fm\u0131yor bile\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski rotas\u0131nda d\u00f6nmeye devam ediyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7abalamaya devam etse\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kendi etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nmek yerine gezdi\u011fi alan\u0131 daha geni\u015f tutsa belki a\u00e7 kalmayacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ama pes ediyor ve avlamak istedi\u011fi uskumrular\u0131 kaybediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kabulleniyor durumunu!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnek \u00e7ok\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha fazlas\u0131na meraklan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, \u201ck\u0131y\u0131\u201d<\/strong>ya d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cGoogle Amca\u201d<\/strong> sizi bekliyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNe yaparsak yapal\u0131m sonu\u00e7ta hi\u00e7bir \u015fey fark etmiyor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYapamayaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHangi i\u015fim(iz) d\u00fczg\u00fcn gitti ki bu gitsin!\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde \u00f6zetleyebilece\u011fimiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n da her zaman ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131, psikolojinin ve sosyal psikolojinin de odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 konulardan biri olmu\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rnekler\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc Rus bilim adam\u0131 Pavlov<\/strong>\u2019un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan ilham alan Amerikal\u0131 Psikoloji Profes\u00f6r\u00fc Martin Seligman<\/strong> ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayvanlar \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dizi deneyden sonra \u201c\u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik\u201d <\/strong>ad\u0131yla kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da destekliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar daha sonra insanlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deneylerle de, t\u00fcm organizmalara genellenebilir bir olgu haline gelmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seligman<\/strong>, teorisini \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetliyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBir ki\u015fi ne zaman yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de olsa bir fark yaratamayaca\u011f\u0131na \u0131srarla kendini inand\u0131r\u0131rsa, kendini \u00e7aresiz hissedecek ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapmamay\u0131 tercih edecektir. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6kten kabullenme durumudur.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6steriyor Seligman\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lki<\/strong>, durumun ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc de olabilece\u011fini hi\u00e7 ak\u0131ldan \u00e7\u0131karmamak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kincisi<\/strong>, hareket h\u00e2linde olmak ve mutlaka bir \u015feyler yapmak\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yard\u0131mc\u0131 yol<\/strong> da Polonya as\u0131ll\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 sosyal psikolog Solomon Asch<\/strong>\u2019ten geliyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyal psikoloji alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Asch, insan\u0131n karar verme s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7evresinin etkisinin ne denli \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir deney ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201dUyum deneyi\u201d<\/strong> olarak da bilinen bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Asch, deneklere iki ayr\u0131 kart g\u00f6steriyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kart\u0131n birinde sadece A \u00e7izgisi var\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011ferinde ise A, B ve C \u015feklinde \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 boyda \u00e7izgi bulunuyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deneklere birinci kart\u0131n \u00fczerindeki A \u00e7izgisinin ikinci kartta hangisi oldu\u011fu soruluyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deney asl\u0131nda her zaman do\u011fru cevap verilebilecek kolayl\u0131kta tasarlanm\u0131\u015f\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nitekim tek ba\u015f\u0131nayken yanl\u0131\u015f cevap veren \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakat denekler, kendilerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olunaca\u011f\u0131 bilgisiyle farkl\u0131 bir grubun i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilince deney gere\u011fi yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi vermek \u00fczere orada bulunan di\u011fer ki\u015filerin etkisiyle yanl\u0131\u015f cevaplar vermeye ve A yerine B \u00e7izgisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015fl\u0131yorlar\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki, deneklerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc kendisinden \u00f6nce cevap verenlerin y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu bile bile A yerine B cevab\u0131n\u0131 veriyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak ne zaman ki, grubun i\u00e7inden herhangi bir ki\u015fi;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHay\u0131r karde\u015fim\u2026 Ne B\u2019si, basbaya\u011f\u0131 A i\u015fte!\u201d<\/strong> diyerek kararl\u0131 bir tav\u0131r sergiliyor, o anda deneklerin tavr\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015fiyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve yanl\u0131\u015f cevap verme e\u011filimi sona eriyor!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cf\u25cf\u25cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pupa yelken gezip dola\u015ft\u0131k\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130yi yapmad\u0131k m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nefeslendik hi\u00e7 olmazsa\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u0131rsat bulduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fik sulara yelken a\u00e7makta yarar var\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksa rutinin i\u00e7inde \u201cbo\u011fuluyor\u201d<\/strong> insan!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mehmet Y\u00fccel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cNe yaparsak yapal\u0131m sonu\u00e7ta hi\u00e7bir \u015fey fark etmiyor.\u201d \u201cYapamayaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d \u201cHangi i\u015fim(iz) d\u00fczg\u00fcn gitti ki bu gitsin!\u201d \u015feklinde \u00f6zetleyebilece\u011fimiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n her zaman ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f\u2026 Arada s\u0131rada \u201cmemleket kara sular\u0131\u201dndan biraz uzakla\u015f\u0131p \u201ckafa dinlemeli\u201d insan\u2026 \u201cYelken\u201dleri bamba\u015fka ufuklara do\u011fru \u015fi\u015firmeli\u2026 \u201cMavinin dinginli\u011fi\u201dni \u00e7ekmeli i\u00e7ine\u2026 Var m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, bug\u00fcn \u00f6yle yapal\u0131m. Haydi o zaman\u2026 Demir alma vaktidir\u2026 Vira Bismillah\u2026 \u25cf\u25cf\u25cf Fillerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=334"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":994,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334\/revisions\/994"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mehmetyucel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}